Home » General Subject Mediations

Category: General Subject Mediations

Anthropomorphism, Unlikeness, and Reality in Fiction: Opening the Eyes of the Blind

This is a follow up to my post on the Wind in the Willows.

I didn’t want to include this line of thought in my initial thoughts on the Wind in the Willows. I think it deserves its own post, so here goes.

I often reference C.S. Lewis’ statement to the effect that fantasy literature does not make children (and I would say adults as well, so long as they’re not prone to pure escapism) forget, or despise, the real world. He said basically that a child who reads of an enchanted forest does not thereby begin to hate real forests. Instead all forests take on some of this enchantment. For instance, I’ve never thought of forests in the same way since reading the Hobbit and the Lord of the Rings. I’ve never looked at peaceful walks the same since I read the Princess and the Goblin (I’m always ready to sing a goblin song should the proper situation arise). I’ve never looked at lions the same since reading the Chronicles of Narnia. I could go on, but I won’t.

I bring this up here because one might think of a story about a bunch of animals with human characteristics as mere silliness and entertainment (the Narnia books should show the falsity of such a notion). The Wind in the Willows is a perfect example of how a work of fiction (and impossible fiction at that) can actually tune us in to reality in a way, perhaps, more significant than if the book were ‘realistic.’

In Orthodoxy, Chesterton wrote (I’m paraphrasing) that we sometimes need to read of golden apples to remind us that apples are really green (or red, or yellow), and of rivers of wine to remind us that rivers are, in fact, filled with water. In our position, taking these things for granted, we tend to forget such wonderful facts.

In the case of the Wind in the Willows we get anthropomorphism as well as sheer unlikeness, for the animals are made human-like, and yet are utterly different because they remain animals. Yet, taking Chesteron’s point, it is precisely in this fact – the animals are different from us, and yet the same as us (because of the anthropomorphism) – that we are led to see actual reality more clearly. In other words, to paraphrase Chesterton again, sometimes we need prideful, idolatrous toads to remind us that humans are prideful and idolatrous.

It’s absurd to think of a toad obsessed with cars. It’s laugh out loud funny. But we wouldn’t laugh so hard if he were a human. Perhaps then we should be laughing at more humans.

It’s absurd to think of a toad who is arrogant and self-absorbed, always wanting the attention focused on him. It’s hilarious. But it’s not as funny when we see a prideful man. Perhaps it should be.

Idolatry and pride are, you guessed it, idolatry and pride – no matter the situation. They are scandalous regardless of the person or circumstances. Sometimes it takes fantasy (say, talking animals) to point this out to us. When I laugh at toad, when I think of his pomposity and absurdity, I’m laughing at myself – and so are you. The question is, do you realize it? You are that guy.

David had a ‘Wind in the Willows’ moment before the prophet Nathan. We all need moments like that. Sometimes it takes a story that takes us completely out of our comfortable context for it to happen.

2 Samuel 12:7 ¶ Nathan said to David, “You are the man!

Chesterton, Orthodoxy, and the Cumulative Effect of Reading Fairy Tales

The above title has is the result of a great struggle of mind. For minutes, literally minutes, I pondered, ‘Is it Effect, or Affect?’ I’ll go with ‘Effect.’

I’m not quite ready to put my thoughts on Orthodoxy down in writing, but I do want to record one particular line of thought. Chesterton, in his wondrous way with words, said something that helped me make sense of something I had been thinking for a while. I’ll write more of this later, but his ‘The Ethics of Elfland’ chapter is quite riveting.

In that chapter he makes a statement something to this effect (I’m sure it’s ‘Effect’ this time): In Fairy Land trees are purple (or whatever color) to remind us that trees are actually green. Likewise, in Fairy Land apples are gold to remind us that apples are really green or red. And again, rivers run with wine in Fairy Land to remind us that they actually consist of water. In other words, rather than causing us to escape reality, such stories, when we are reading them correctly, actually remind us of, or point us to, reality.

My own experience in reading has led me to the same conclusion, but I didn’t know how to say it until I read Chesterton (Tolkien’s Essay on Fairie Stories makes much the same point as well). Just yesterday, in my post on the Tale of One who Traveled to Learn what Shivering Meant, I remarked that seeing a boy who couldn’t shiver in a magical land filled with death and hauntings was precisely what I needed to remind me that I have plenty to shiver about here. And this sort of thing has happened many times.

It is because of this that the cumulative effect of reading fairy tales, at least for me, is to remind us subtly, over time, that we live in a magical world. I believe it was somewhere in C.S. Lewis’ writings that I read something to this effect (there’s that word again) that drives this point home: he said that a child who reads of magical forests doesn’t start to despise real forests, but begins to see the real ones as a bit enchanted. In other words, the stimulation of the imagination caused by such reading brings life and vitality to what we otherwise, in our scientific age might see simply as natural processes.

I recently listened to a sermon by Douglas Wilson on the story of the Witch at Endor in 1 Samuel 28. In his observations on this passage he very briefly made the point that this story reminds us we live in a magical world – if we believe what God says about the world. This is a world with witches and giants (have you watched any NBA games lately?). This is a world with voodoo and mumbojumbo. But it is also a world with pure, good, clean miracles.

Miracles are all around us. I believe the biblical accounts of miracles – those of Moses, of Elijah and Elisha, certainly of Jesus. I believe in the resurrection of the dead. Why shouldn’t I?

Fairy stories only serve to remind me that we witness miracles regularly, and often without noticing: Take a magic pill and be healed – that’s not a fairy tale, that’s the modern pharmaceutical industry. Remove his impure heart and give him a new one – that’s not only the Bible (and I do not, of course, think the Bible is a fairy tale or even remotely comparable to a fairy tale), that’s the modern heart transplant. A man detaches his heart from himself and entrusts its care to a creature for safe keeping with the end result being his ultimate destruction- that’s not only a fairy tale, that’s modern idolatry at its finest! How many men to do have given their heart completely to a woman or a job only to have it crushed in the end?

Caterpillars really turn into butterflies. You can explain it scientifically, but it’s the stuff of fairy tales. Plants turn green because of air. You can explain photosynthesis scientifically, but at bottom, when you ask what makes them green, it’s something invisible. This is also the stuff of fairy tales.

Scienticism (I’m not criticizing science, but Scientism)would rob us of all awe and wonder. Fairy Land would remind us that there is plenty to be in awe of in every back yard and plenty to wonder at in the sky above us at all times. Scientism would explain the galaxies. But Fairy Land reminds us that there is awe and wonder in a bunch of balls made of dirt and gas that float in mid air.

To me, the cumulative effect of spending time reading stories of enchanted lands is that it makes the enchantment of our own world come to life. It’s been said before by lovers of such stories, but I’m just now figuring it out. And so I write…

Isaac Watts on Improving the Use of Logic

Pages 69-77 give Watts first extended practical tips on improving our use of logic. They are summarized as follows:

1. Read, Experience, Learn Broadly (Do not spend all your time staying in one place or thinking about one thing)

2. Make it Stick
a. Meditate daily on what you have learned that day
b. Talk daily about what you have learned that day
c. Write regularly on the most important things you have learned that day
3. Do not waste time studying unprofitable things (Find what helps you and stick with it)
4. Organize your Thoughts and Writing
a. Organize thoughts by learning to meditate at length about one subject
i. Drive out unrelated thoughts by any means possible
b. Organize your writings by cataloging according to subject matter (this will allow for later reflection, correction and addition)

My thoughts: I deduce that a blog can be a very helpful means (as would a journal, or notebooks, or files) of collecting daily meditations and organizing thoughts based on subjects. Therefore I should more diligently commit myself to writing out my thoughts on a regular basis.